- Inclusion Criteria
- Exclusion Criteria
- Criteria for dropout/withdrawal cases
- Exclusion criteria for cases
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Age 60-80 years old, gender unlimited； | Yes
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Patients undergoing gastrointestinal surgery under selective tracheal intubation and general anesthesia; Duration of operation 4h; | Yes
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ASA grades Ⅱ to Ⅲ | Yes
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BMI 18-30kg/m2 | Yes
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Voluntarily sign informed consent | Yes
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Being deaf and mute, she is unable to communicate verbally | No
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Patients with difficult airway were modified for Mallampati grade IV | No
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Preoperative delirium or dementia | No
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Preoperative history of severe cardiovascular disease and uncontrollable diabetes; Serious injury or disease of vital organs such as the lungs, brain, liver or kidneys | No
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Patients with severe consciousness disorder or mental system disease (schizophrenia, mania, insanity, etc.) and cognitive dysfunction | No
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Intolerance or allergy to benzodiazepines | No
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A history of alcoholism; And a history of drug addiction or other substance abuse | No
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The patient voluntarily withdrew the informed consent | No
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No follow-up, no efficacy and safety data were collected | No
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The investigator ordered them to withdraw: patients with unanticipated difficulty with mask ventilation or tracheal intubation | No
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Violation of the entry standard | No
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Inadequate or missing medical records | No
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Age | 67 岁 |
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Gender | 1 |
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Height | 170 cm |
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Weight | 71 kg |
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Body mass index | 24.6 kg/m2 |
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ASA classification | Ⅱ 级 |
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Underlying disease | 1 |
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hypertension | Yes
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diabetes | No
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Surgical name | 腹腔镜下直肠根治术 |
- systolic pressure
- diastolic pressure
- Heart rate
- Bispectral index
- Operation duration
- The infusion speed for maintaining general anesthesia with relevant drugs
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Baseline | 164 mmHg |
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Induction time | 160 mmHg |
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3 minutes after administration | 136 mmHg |
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Immediately after intubation | 158 mmHg |
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10 minutes after administration | 123 mmHg |
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Baseline | 87 mmHg |
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Induction time | 74 mmHg |
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3min after administration | 70 |
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Immediately after intubation | 82 mmHg |
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10min after administration | 65 mmHg |
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Baseline | 54 次/分 |
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Induction time | 56 次/分 |
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3min after administration | 52 次/分 |
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Immediately after intubation | 55 次/分 |
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10min after administration | 49 次/分 |
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Baseline | 98 |
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Induction time | 70 |
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3min after administration | 70 |
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5min after administration | 60 |
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10min after administration | 55 |
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Operation duration | 3 H |
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The infusion speed for maintaining general anesthesia with relevant drugs | 1 mg/kg/h |
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The infusion speed maintained by remifentanil general anesthesia | 0.4 ug/kg/min |
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The average infusion rate maintained by general anesthesia with norepinephrine | 3.2 ug/kg/h |
- The time of onset of sedation until loss of consci
- Occurrence of adverse reactions during induction
- Induction success rate of general anesthesia
- Total Drug Usage
- Quality of Awakening
- The correlation between remazolam and bis
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The time of onset of sedation until loss of consciousness | 35 s |
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Hypotension (systolic blood pressure <90mmHg, or a decrease of more than 20% from baseline） | 1 次 |
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Bradycardia (heart rate <50 beats/min) | 1 次 |
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Injection pain | No
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General anesthesia induction successful | Yes
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Total use of the vasoactive drug deoxyadrenaline during induction | 0 ug |
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Total norepinephrine use during maintenance of general anesthesia | 0.8 mg |
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Total usage of Remazolam | 252 mg |
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Total use of propofol | 0 mg |
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Total use of remifentanil | 6 mg |
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Whether agitation occurs during the wake perio | No
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extubation time | 21 min |
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PACU stay time | 40 min |
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T0（Baseline） bis value | 98 |
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T1（induction time）bis value | 70 |
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T2(5min after induction)bis value | 60 |
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T3 (10min after induction)bis value | 55 |
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T4(at the end of the operation) bis value | 86 |
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T5（The lowest) bis value | 55 |
- Recovery quality assessment
- Incidence of nausea and vomiting
- Pain measurement
- Incidence of delirium
- Onset and duration of delirium
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Concise Mental State Scale Score | 29 分 |
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Total score of qor-40 scale | 94 分 |
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Emotional state score | 21 分 |
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Physical Comfort Score | 22 分 |
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Psychological support score | 31 分 |
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Self-care score | 13 分 |
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pain score | 7 分 |
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The frequency of nausea within three days after surgery | 0 次 |
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The frequency of vomiting within three days after surgery | 0 次 |
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24h postoperative pain numerical score | 3 分 |
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48h postoperative pain numerical score | 1 分 |
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72h postoperative pain numerical score | 0 分 |
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Occurrence of delirium 24 hours after surgery（3D-CAM scale） | No
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Occurrence of delirium 48 hours after surgery（3D-CAM scale） | No
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Occurrence of delirium 72h after surgery(3D-CAM scale） | No
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Occurrence of delirium 96h after surgery | Yes
/No
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Occurrence of delirium 120h after surgery | No
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Time of onset of delirium | 0 day |
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Duration of delirium | 0 day |