Age:50-75 years old, >5 years of T2DM history, no insulin injection, take 2-3 hypoglycermic drugs, HbA2c>8% before included, no trauma or inflammation at test regions

Age:50-75 years old, no T2DM history, no trauma or inflammation at test regions

Out of the inclusion criteria

glycated hemoglobin (before test on the 0th day)

9.7 %

Fasting plasma glucose (after test on the 0th day)

169 mg/dL

Fasting plasma glucose (before test on the 0th day)

158 mg/dL

insulin(after test on the 0th day)

11.20 μIU/mL

insulin(before test on the 0th day)

12.20 μIU/mL

glucagon(after test on the 0th day)

64.719 pg/mL

glucagon(before test on the 0th day)

50.517 pg/mL

superoxide dismutase (before test on the 0th day)

38.88 %

superoxide dismutase(after teston the 0th day)

37.22 %

heart rate variability(the 40th min after test on the 0th day)

38

heart rate variability(the 60th min after test on the 0th day)

52

heart rate variability(the 20th min after test on the 0th day)

56

heart rate variability(before test on the 0th day)

48

normalized HF ratio (nHF)(before test on the 0th day)

83 %

normalized HF ratio (nHF)(the 20th min after test on the 0th day)

61 %

normalized HF ratio (nHF)(the 40th min after test on the 0th day)

64 %

normalized HF ratio (nHF)(the 60th min after test on the 0th day)

60 %

normalized LF ratio (nLF)(before test on the 0th day)

17 %

normalized LF ratio (nLF)(the 20th min after test on the 0th day)

39 %

normalized LF ratio (nLF)(the 60th min after test on the 0th day)

40 %

normalized LF ratio (nLF)(the 40th min after test on the 0th day)

36 %

glycated hemoglobin (before test on the 56th day)

9 %

Fasting plasma glucose (after test on the 56th day)

197 mg/dL

Fasting plasma glucose (before test on the 56th day)

191 mg/dL

insulin (after test on the 56th day)

11.30 μIU/mL

insulin (before test on the 56th day)

14.10 μIU/mL

glucagon(after test on the 56th day)

32.649 pg/mL

glucagon(before test on the 56th day)

42.716 pg/mL

superoxide dismutase(after test on the 56th day)

48.95 %

superoxide dismutase(before test on the 56th day)

43.85 %

heart rate variability(before test on the 56th day)

23

heart rate variability(the 20th min after test on the 56th day)

35

heart rate variability(the 40th min after test on the 56th day)

40

heart rate variability(the 60th min after test on the 56th day)

38

normalized HF ratio (nHF)(the 40th min after test on the 56th day)

81 %

normalized HF ratio (nHF)(the 60th min after test on the 56th day)

72 %

normalized HF ratio (nHF)(the 20th min after test on the 56th day)

75 %

normalized HF ratio (nHF)(before test on the 56th day)

65 %

normalized LF ratio (nLF)(the 60th min after test on the 56th day)

28 %

normalized LF ratio (nLF)(the 40th min after test on the 56th day)

19 %

normalized LF ratio (nLF)(the 20th min after test on the 56th day)

25 %

normalized LF ratio (nLF)(before test on the 56th day)

35 %